Technics SE-A5 Introduction & DescriptionThis is my collection of Technics SE-A5 stereo power amplifiers! I have 3 units so far, two being watts
per channel and all have a vast reserve of power to give a real punch to the
sound. As you can see, they have beautiful full width illuminated VU
meters that can be seen clear across the room with no trouble and the design has
remained at the top of the Technics line for more than a 25 years. There
is a real big solid power transformer that is very quiet and the power
capacitors are mounted in a block in the center of the main power amp board.
Technics call this the Concentrated Power Block or CPB. It's close to the
output transistors sure enough and has 2 large 10,000 uF capacitors for
each channel. These were quite expensive in previous years and these days
I would expect to see double the amount in such a design. Then again, if a
massive power supply is what you want, there is always the
Technics SE-A3 with 22,000uF for each
capacitor! Reading the marketing descriptions you would think that
Technics invented the Class AB power amplifier and reinvented negative feedback
and called it linear feedback! Who knows, maybe they did? The amp
does indeed have
an offset bias arrangement (class AB) and also a sliding bias that they call
Synchro bias. In fact this is done with a device called a
thermistor
which is little more than a kind of light bulb that changes it's resistance with
temperature
based
in most cases on the current passing through it. As it takes time to cool,
this gives a slow decay to the time taken for it to return to its normal resting
resistance value. So this is what is under the mystical Synchro-Bias can on the
main amp board. The actual device used may or may not be solid state, I
have never had to check. It's the same thing that was used in a British
GPO 746 telephone to prevent bell tinkle while the rotary dial was pulsing
dialed digits when you took your finger out of the whole! Not exactly
high-tech but it does have the effect of lingering the bias at a higher level
for a while after it has been set higher for a previous event. In other
words, if something loud
happens,
the amp will be progressively more ready if another increase in level occurs
soon after. Regardless of all this, the SE-A5 has specifications for
harmonic and intermodulation distortion that make the latest generation of MOS-FET
designs struggle to keep up all certified by published measurements recorded on
the Hewlett Packard HP3045 digital spectrum analyzer of the day! They
truly do sound great and I have to say that I can't hear the difference when
comparing them to my Velleman vacuum tube
amplifier. One
thing people often ask about on an SE-A5 is what the "Limited Power" switch is
for. When you press it, the VU meter lights go out and a small red
indicator lights up. What also happens is that the maximum output power is
reduced to 30 watts per channel and the power consumption is reduced by half to
about 200 watts at the 30 watt level. Also the idling power usage is
reduced to just 33 watts. With the biasing arrangement the SE-A5 has they
appear to run as cold as ice compared with anything other than a plain class B
amp, so this feature is of limited use and was not included on any other design
as far as I know. The switch works via a double pole relay and it is easy
to change the circuit so that the switch just controls the lights and not the
output power. This makes it useful as a display dimmer if the amp is
visible in a home theatre situation. Consult
this schematic
diagram for more info. Click
here to see the
SE-A5 user guide and
here for the Test Sound Report from 1982..
Linear Feedback - The Making of an Epock!
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easier to see the average level. This damping appears to be of the mechanical verity, a good indication of meter quality, and this can be tested by tipping the amp from side to side (if you are strong enough!). This also helps stabilize the meters during transport and with normal care, they should never need to be adjusted unless the unit is dropped or other components have been changed. Quite apart from comments on how fantastic they look, there are a few questions that people often ask about the meters which I'll discus a bit here:
Q: If the scale goes from 0.0001 to 300 watts, how come 1 watt is in the middle and when it says 1 watt, why is it so loud?
First, before we can answer this, we need to understand a bit about sound, decibels (dB's) and power in the context of a power amplifier, so let me state these facts: The human ear can hear very quite sounds from 0.000000000001 watt/sq. meter up to the threshold of pain at about 1 watt/sq. meter, giving a total dynamic range of 120dB for most people. Described simply, a decibel or dB is a base 10 logarithmic scale of
would still be
just about in the middle! So this is why there is little point in making
amps of much more than 100 watts per channel, and a 200 watt amp could only give
you 3dB more which you would only just be able to hear. So why is 1 watt so much?
It's because it's 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 times more than the quietest amount of power
you can hear! To double the perceived sound again from that point will take 10
watts, and double again a 100! So when running at 1 watt per channel with
average sensitivity speakers, an average of 1 watt is actually quite a bit!
This then answers the question as to how a small amplifier still appears able to
make a lot of noise when compared to a much larger one, with the exception of
sound quality issues. When I see the meters floating about the 1 watt
mark, I know that the sound is at quite a sufficient average level. If they
are floating too close to the 10 mark, it means I have had too much
beer! Over 10, and the house is
rocking baby
Q: Can the meters be adjusted to make sure the reading is correct?
The SE-A5 service manual describes the meter adjustment sequence as follows:
1. Connect an oscillator to the input (normal) and apply a 1
kHz signal.
2. Connect a 100W load resistance and AC volt meter to the
speaker terminal.
3. Set the input level adjusting VR to the maximum point.
4. Adjust the output level of the oscillator so that the
output from the speaker
terminal is 28.3V. The formula is U2
/ R = P gives 28.3*28.3 / 8 = 100.
5. Adjust VR201 (left channel) and VR202 (right channel) so
that the meter indicates 100W.
There are a couple of things about this. First, you need an oscillator to generate the 1 kHz tone. That's easy, just download the 1 kHz -10dB sine wave from here (right click, Save Target As...). You can either plug your computer sound card into your preamp AUX input, or download the .wav file and burn it onto a CD and play it in your stereo. Next they say you need a 100W 8 ohm resistor. Believe me, that would be the mother of all resistors and very hard to find and you could easily set yourself on fire if you messed it up! Since the meters are in fact just AC volt meters and assume a linear resistance across the power bandwidth (never so with any real speaker), there is no need for that and the voltage can be measured just as easily with no load resistance. Look at the level displayed when the tone is playing, and note that the meter position is the same regardless of whether the speakers are on or not. Remember to make sure that the speakers are NOT connected
Q: If this is a 120 watt per channel amplifier, why is the 0dBVU reference point set at the 100 watt mark on the scale?
I don't know the answer to this question and it remains a mystery as to why this is so? If you know anything about this, please let me know! Maybe some guy at Technics made a mistake that could not be reversed by the time it was noticed, but then again even the 150 watt per channel SE-A5 MK2 has the same scale layout even though the meter and scale design were completely revamped! Clearly the 0dBVU reference point should be at the maximum power output level of 120 watts and not 100 assuming it is an 8ohm RMS scale, although it says watts (8ohms). Then again, 120 is only a very small amount beyond 100 and another and maybe more convenient way of looking at it, is now the readings can be taken to mean power levels in %. So 0dBVU is 100% like the scale says and 1 would be 1% and so on, and so the reading is always a percentage of the maximum no matter what the load impedance of the speakers. This in fact makes this scale very convenient, so maybe the real question is why doesn't it just say Power % rather than watts (8 ohms)? Either way, keeping an eye on the area between 1 and 10 can tell you a lot about yourself as well as the sensitivity of your speakers!
Q: Where can I get replacement bulbs for the meter lights?
The
correct original part for the meter light pilot lamps is Technics part number XAMR74S17 and you may be able to order them
here
although even if they are available they are $2.33 each! You can also get
something similar from Radio Spares in the UK which are R.S. Part
number 655-9693 which can be ordered
here if you are in the UK. The spec is T3.8, axial lamp 10/15V, 55ma, 3/4 inch in length. Click
here to see the spec for the RS version.
There are sixteen lamps used in total. Another idea for replacing just one
or two is to use a 100mA lamp like
this and put two 1 watt 39 ohm resistors in parallel with each other then in
series with the lamp. Don't do more than three like this though as it will
be too much load for the power supply. I have seen some lamps replaced
with 8 100mA lamps rather than the 16 55mA versions. This looks OK for a
few months until you find that one of the lamps has made an orange/brown burn in
the top of the meter casing. Don't do that! Unfortunately R.S. in
the UK
won't
ship to the USA and their American agent
Allied Electronics
will
not ship R.S. lamps from the UK because of the breakage problems they have had
in the past. Even so, I managed to make a special arrangement with Allied
for them to ship this item to me just one time, so I ordered a whole load.
If you need some, please let me know.
I sell a complete set of 16 lamps for $25 and you can pay by
PayPal (credit card) or
money order. Shipping is $3.00 to anywhere in the world via First Class
Air Mail. Some people have also asked me about the four signal lamps on
the front. These are 12V 45mA and can be found most any place, even at
Radio Shack. Parts Express do a 12V 35mA lamp which works OK and can be
ordered here. Replace all four if you're doing that so they all look
the same.
The Technics SE-A5 is equipped with two sets of line level inputs marked "DC" and "Normal". The "Normal" inputs are coupled by a capacitor like with an ordinary amplifier. In this case, the amplifier operates as a normal AC amplifier with a low end cutoff frequency of about 2Hz. As a capacitor is a reactive device that can introduce
The first SE-A5 I had was in
October 1983 and was bought new from Jack White in
Cambridge England at a cost of 400 GBP to go with my very first CD player,
the Sony CDP-101.
At the time I was 21 and still just about living with my parents, so this was part of my
last "bedroom system" and is still working in my
latest 5.1 system today.
If you buy high quality high end equipment, it really will last a lifetime!
I have all the
original manuals and you can download a copy of the SE-A5
schematic circuit diagram
here.
The
second SE-A5 I acquired from
eBay in 2003. I bid $550 for it and at the
end of the
auction it sold for $380 plus shipping. When it arrived a couple of weeks
later I was amazed to find that it was in perfect condition just like my
original unit, however it appeared to be covered in a thin but tough film of
nicotine! I presume therefore that it came from the estate sale of the
previous now deceased owner! It was also very clean inside. I
dismantled the case to expose the meters and cleaned everything. When it
was reassembled it really did look like new and is working perfectly!
These days such units go for nearer $700 on eBay, so not a bad investment!
The SE-A5
MK2 that I have also came to me via
eBay for about $380 and I have recently seen them sell for over $700 so I guess I should buy more!
Inside it looks very similar to its SE-A5 predecessor. From what I
can make out, the Synchro-Bias system employed in the original SE-A5 has been
augmented and enhanced with a system called "Computer Drive" described
further below.
It has a nice illuminated logo on the front but is
lacking the detail of the original Computer Drive display on the
SE-A3 MK2.
The front of the casing on the SE-A5 MK2 is also changed with the power meters
being tilted back at the top and the meter scales are black & red and in two
different layers. The sides of the meter window are also changed to a
lighter color that matches the rest of the surround. In the Japanese
market version
seen here, the meter surrounds are dark which looks much better. All in all, in my opinion, the original version
looks best and tilting the meters back does no good if you are too much higher
than the unit itself because the top of the meter is further back in the case. Being slightly more powerful at 150 watts RMS per
channel into either 4 or 8 ohms with its output impedance detection, the SE-A5 MK2 sure packs a good punch and runs slightly hotter than
the original SE-A5 but still cool compared to it's big Computer Drive brother,
the
SE-A3 MK2.
One thing that you won't notice about the SE-A5 MK2 unless you have a regular
SE-A5 or SE-A3 right there is that the meter movement is very sluggish (over
damped) and is almost boring to look at by comparison. The very best
Technics fast attack meters are only to be found on the
SE-A3 MK2.
The
Computer Drive used in the SE-A5MK2 is a custom
Technics MN1404STE chip, based
on the larger and more complicated MN1421STE employed in the first Computer
Drive amp, the
SE-A3 MK2. The MN1404 is simpler in that it only has one 60oC
temperature sensor input and a common 2V signal input for both the left and
right channels and then two separate 5V signal inputs for each channel.
The purpose of this is to be able to adjust the biasing of the output stage (the
ICQ) with some intelligence
based
on the temperature and the level of the signal passing through the output stage
and also to provide startup protection and a quick warm up. This should
also give the amp longevity because under low signal conditions (the most usual
case) the bias need not be set too high resulting in lower output transistor
temperatures. The MN1404STE does a better job in this respect than the
MN1421STE in the SE-A3 MK2 which runs too hot to touch all the time resulting in
fatigue and ultimate output stage failure. The table to the left shows the
pin assignments of the MN1404STE. Like the MN1421STE it runs at a modest
rate, in this case 415kHz.
The
next chart to the left shows the conditions on the input port A and the
corresponding conditions on the output port C of the MN1404STE over time.
The Power "on" mode section shows how the safety indicator is blinked and then
remains in the on condition as it's normal state. This is unusual and in
fact opposite to the normal state on the SE-A5 where an illuminated indicator
indicates a fault. After this the preheat continues for another 14 seconds
and once that is complete the green "auto on" lamp lights. In the DC
Detection section, the chart shows how the safety lamp and the output relay act
in case of DC detection or output short circuit condition. The ICQ
control section shows how port C acts with varying voltage and temperature
conditions on port A. As you can see, there is a direct relationship between A12
and CO0, A11 and CO1, A10 and CO2 and all CO outputs go high when there is a
temperature detection. So
all in all, this is a pretty simplistic system with only 2 ICQ
settings per channel but it does have a great illuminated logo! For more
info, click here
to see the SE-A5 MK2 service Manual.
I
did have one failure on my original SE-A5 in 1997. At that time we were
living in Sterling VA and I didn't have all my electronics stuff there so I
ended up packing it away for a while.
Eventually in 2003 six years after it broke and some twenty years since first
buying it, I finally got around to getting it working again. The problem
manifested itself as a failure of the protection circuit to switch off after
power up. Upon
further investigation I found this to be a blown transistor
in the left channel, Q311, a
2SA1124 available from
DigiKey for the princely sum of 74 cents and appropriately enough made by
Panasonic! This is used as a class A amplifier in the preamp section in
front of the class A pre-drive (Q613). The whole thing appeared to be
fused with all legs being short circuit, so most all of the positive voltage
line was connected into the signal path, so the protection circuit activated as
there was now a DC potential always at the speaker output. To keep things in balance I also changed out Q312 in the other
channel and their complementary NPN counterparts Q315 & Q316 (used as
current regulators),
2SC2632 devices at just 66 cents each. It appeared that all four of these
transistors run on the hot side, so I also fitted a small heat sink to each of
them to make sure there were no further problems. At the time as I didn't
have a service manual, I just used a systematic approach of removing each
transistor one at a time working from the output transistors back into the amp
and testing each one for
short circuits between the legs. Another small issue I
have noted since using the unit in the U.S.A. is that there is sometimes a small
irregular whizing sound from both channels. Just as a guess, I decided to
disconnect the ground connection from the three core mains cable and the problem
went away, so it appeared to be some kind of ground (earth for the English) loop
problem. As the transformer is fully double insulated and the only places
in the case that mains is exposed is at the voltage selector, I decided to just
leave it like that. The American market version is like that anyhow with
the input fuses exposed in
The following diagram can be useful in some cases (although not in my case described above) to isolate the location of a failed transistor when the protection circuit is stuck on all the time. In cases where the protection indicator blinks (and the speaker relays click on and off) it indicates that there is a short in the speaker wires, so try to turn off the speaker switch and see it it settles down. If so, you just have to find the short in the speaker wires. If you think that your unit just needs adjusting, you can follow the procedure in the next section.

If you have reason to to change out any major components in the circuit at any time or if the protection circuit is unstable, you will need to adjust a few items to make sure the amp is running correctly and these are the procedures that need to be followed. All you will need is a DC voltmeter that can measure down to 0.1mV DC. After these adjustments, you should adjust the meters as described above.
Startup precautions
Set VR601, VR602, VR603 & VR604 fully coulter clockwise before turning on.
Set the limited power switch to "Full" and the "Main" speaker switch on but with
no speakers connected.
Let the amp run for at least 5 minutes or more if you have time.
Constant voltage check
(Left) Check that TP401 measures +23V to +25V with respect to ground.
(Right) Check that TP402 measures -23V to -25V with respect to ground.
Adjustment of DC balance
(Left) Connect the voltmeter (30mV range) to the left speaker outputs and adjust
VR301 so that the reading is 0.
(Right) Connect the voltmeter (30mV range) to the right speaker outputs and
adjust VR302 so that the reading is 0.
If it is not possible to get the reading to 0, try cutting the jumper wire J301
(Left) and J302 (Right).
Adjustment of clamp voltage
(Left) Connect the voltmeter between TP1 and TP3 and adjust VR603 to 0.1mV.
(Right) Connect the voltmeter between TP2 and TP4 and adjust VR604 to 0.1mV.
Adjustment of ICQ
(Left) Connect the voltmeter between TP1 and TP3 and adjust VR601 to 15mV.
(Right) Connect the voltmeter between TP2 and TP4 and adjust VR602 to 15mV.
Recheck of ICQ
ICQ is unstable for about 15 minutes after turning on so at this
point you should leave the amp to sit and age for at least another 15 minutes,
then go back and recheck the voltage between TP1 & TP3 (Left) and TP2 & TP4
(Right) and make sure the voltage is in the range of 1mV ~ 20mV.
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| SE-A1 | SE-A3 | SE-A3MkII | SE-A5MkII | SE-A70 |
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| SE-A100 | SE-A1000 | SE-A2000 | SE-A3000 | SE-A7000 |
Over the years Technics have made some beautiful high quality power amplifiers but not much of it is or ever was available in the U.S.A. Europe and Japan is the biggest market for this stuff and it's not unusual to see SE-A5's and SE-A3's come up for auction on eBay in those markets. I have an SE-A3 which you can see here and an SE-A3 MK2 here. If I can ever find out how to get a 50lb SE-A3000 or SE-A7000 into the U.S.A. for less than the cost of going to Germany and getting it myself, I'd do that too! Below is the Technics SE-A3000. At 120 watts per channel it is the most present day MOS-FET equivalent at the time of writing of the now 20+ year old SE-A5. Hmm, it would be good to set them up head to head to see what 20 years of electronics evolution has done for the high-end power amplifier. Until I know otherwise for sure, my money is on the bi-polar SLPT transistors of the good old SE-A5! There is more information on Technic's amps from other guys like me at Axel Dahl's website, www.thevintageknob.org. Thanks to the many to many people to mention from around the globe that have commented on and added value to this page!
Today the two SE-A5's are used in my home theatre system to drive a single JBL SVA-2100 each. The left channel of each SE-A5 is used to drive the woofers and the right channel drives the tweeter of each speaker. So the single center channel of the 5.1 surround sound system has 4 X 120 watts of bi-wired & bi-amped SE-A5 power driving a pair of massive JBL SVA-2100's amounting to almost half a kilowatt of center channel power! Cool! The Speakers lie on their sides with the subwoofer in between them and each SE-A5 sits on top of its own speaker and apart from the other speakers are the only equipment in the room. The power to switch them on is remotely controlled via X10 and I have also setup the meter lights on a separate X10 circuit so that they can be smoothly dimmed up and down when it's time to switch from music to projection!
I use the SE-A5 MKII as the power amp for the system in my offoce. There it is paired up with a Technics SU-A60 that I purchased new in 1989 to use with my original SE-A5 and a Technics SL-P1000 CD player from 1987. Here is a picture of them all together!
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Here are some extra pictures sent to me by Ricardo Mondaca from Chile of his SE-A5's and other Technics equipment including SU-A4.
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In some markets the SE-A5 was just badged as simply A5. Here is a picture of a 100V AC A5 sent to me by Nguyen Quang from Vietnam where he found it in a street market!
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The Technics SE-A5 is of course just a power amp and Technics produced the SU-A6 preamp to go with it to form a complete amplifier system. I never owned one of these myself but I do have an SU-A60 (click here for user guide) from 1988 that I have owned form new that you can see here with my Technics SL-P1000 CD player. While any number of big power amps like the SE-A5 can be used in modern 5/7.1 systems, the preamps that were intended to go with them are of somewhat limited use unless you are setting up an entirely vintage system, and even then you only need one. At lease my SU-A60 has some digital inputs and switching capacity although the older SU-A6 does look cool! Here are some pictures sent to me by Daniel Zumsteg from Switzerland of his SU-A6 and of course SE-A5.
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